ASTHMA Hika

• Asthma is characterized by: Hika ay sa pamamagitan ng:

• airway inflammation daan pamamaga

• airway hyper-responsiveness daan hyper-Kakayahang tumugon

• reversible airway obstruction kabilaan na daan-abala

Asthma Symptoms Hika sintomas

Recurrent episodes of wheeze, dyspnea, chest tightness, sputum and cough, which is worse at night or with exercise. Paulit-ulit episodes ng humuni, dyspnea, paninikip ng dibdib, dura at pag-ubo, kung saan ay mas masahol pa sa gabi o sa exercise.

Asthma Triggers Hika Triggers

Triggers include viral infections such as the common cold, allergens, irritants, exercise, weather, anxiety, stress and aspirin. Triggers isama ang viral impeksyon tulad ng sa karaniwang sipon, allergens, irritants, ehersisyo, taya ng panahon, pagkabalisa, ang stress at aspirin.

Family History Family History

Patients with a family history of atopy and asthma in 1st degree relatives are more likely to have these conditions also. Pasyente sa pamamagitan ng isang pamilya sa kasaysayan ng atopy at hika sa 1st degree na kamag-anak ay mas malamang na magkaroon ng mga kondisyon din. Genetic predisposition is known, however which genes are involved is still unknown. Genetic predisposition ay kilala, subalit kung saan genes ay kasangkot pa rin ay hindi kilala.

Past Medical History Nakaraang medikal na kasaysayan

Emergency deparment visits, hospitalizations, ICU admissions and mechanical ventilation episodes are all signs of severe and worsening asthma. Emergency deparment mga pagbisita, hospitalizations, ICU admission at makina ng sariwang hangin episodes ay lahat ng mga palatandaan ng matinding at worsening hika.

Physical Examination Physical Examination

On physical examination by a physician, there may be normal between symptomatic episodes of asthma, which may have wheezing, increased expiratory phase and/or decreased breath sounds on listening to the chest of these patients. Sa pisikal na pagsusuri sa pamamagitan ng isang doktor, maaaring may mga tanda sa pagitan ng normal na episodes ng hika, na kung saan ay maaaring may wheezing, nadagdagan ukol sa bahagi at / o nabawasan breath sounds sa pakikinig sa dibdib ng mga pasyente.

OBJECTIVE MEASURES OF ASTHMA Layunin sumusukat ng hika

• Spirometry – improvement of FEV1 in response to bronchodilators Spirometry - pagpapabuti ng FEV1 sa tugon sa bronchodilators

• Peak-flow meter Peak-flow meter

• Airway hyper-responsiveness Daan hyper-Kakayahang tumugon